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The phenomenon in question is refraction. Understanding what prisms do to light involve studying light as a wave. Hence, light was finally accepted to exist in a dual state as both particle AND wave. Although these experiments were logically convincing, phenomena like the photoelectric effect could not be ignored. Huygens, Young, and Fresnel later came up with experiments that prove light to be wave-like. Light also experiences interference and diffraction, which are all wavelike characteristics. While the reflection of light can be explained by corpuscular theory, refraction could not. However, there seemed to be a slight problem. The photoelectric effect observed by Hertz and other scientists seemed to confirm this. Both saw light as corpuscles that travelled in straight lines and were emitted in all directions. Light first considered to be particulate by Pierre Gassendi, and later by Isaac Newton. Physicists have long debated the nature of light. To understand why this happens we must start with understanding the duality of light. This is due to certain rules followed by light in the way it propagates. Whenever you view an object through a glass prism of any shape, you always find it to be either displaced or distorted. Read on to know more about rectangular prisms. In order to understand refraction, we generally study prisms of different shapes and how light behaves with them. Optics is a vast subject, and one of the most important concepts in optics is refraction. If you need an accurate model, for example to correct some experimental data, then depending on the range of angles and wavelengths relative to the thickness of the slab, you might need to include that effect and integrate over wavelength and aperture.The study of light encompasses many phenomena. So, the intensity is going to vary a little bit with angle. That said, for the intensity of the displaced beam, you have to considered internal reflection. In terms of the incidence angle $\theta_1$, the slab thickness $d$ and the refraction index $n$, I have found that the lateral shift $x$ is given by I have tried to compute light's lateral shift after passing through a glass slab